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1) When You Think Big, the Problems Are Bigger

Here are my observations of being in deep problems in business and dealing with a mountain of debt:

Fear is not a good motivator; it leads you into panic and that makes for bad decision making. Anger and resentment are also emotions which are never far away – and both will alienate all parties if you put them on display. So you need to try to work towards a much more positive mindset – one of hope and optimism – as quickly as possible.

Even if you are not particularly religious, it helps to call on a ‘higher power’ to send you the strength to get through your crisis, plus the solutions you need. You need to have absolute faith for this process to work (which actually feels like a deep sense of calm), and almost immediately you will find that new people, opportunities and invitations will start appearing out of the blue. When this happens, keep an open mind and explore everything that comes your way, even though you can’t immediately see the logic in doing so at the time.

Stay positive and see your situation not as a problem but as a challenge which has been sent to strengthen you, and from which you will learn valuable lessons.

Remember, you are on a life journey, and change is often sent to move you to the next phase of your life, even if it feels uncomfortable at the time. So, even if it all goes pear shaped, bear in mind this could just be life paving the way for something even bigger and better that it has in store for you. Take strength from this extract from Max Ehrmann’s famous poem, ‘Desiderata’:

You are a child of the universe, no less than the trees and the stars; you have a right to be here.

And whether or not it is clear to you, no doubt the universe is unfolding as it should. Therefore be at peace with God, whatever you conceive Him to be, and whatever your labours and aspirations, in the noisy confusion of life keep peace with your soul.

With all its sham, drudgery, and broken dreams, it is still a beautiful world.

Be cheerful.

Strive to be happy.

2) Rejection and Rip-Offs

I am often asked whether entrepreneurs are born or bred, and my answer is always that, in my view, there are just three key qualities that all successful entrepreneurs possess which make them stand apart from the crowd. Sometimes you are just born with these qualities, but more usually they are built in via a tough childhood. The qualities are:

SELF-BELIEF, DETERMINATION and DRIVE. If you possess these qualities you absolutely do not need anything else to be successful in business – no capital, no contacts, no experience – and indeed no real talent! All those things can easily be found if you have enough self-belief, determination and drive, because being an entrepreneur is just like being a magician: it is the ability to turn ideas into action, and then assemble all the resources you need to make your business idea a reality. And there is no better story to illustrate the truth of this than that of James Dyson, whose entrepreneurial journey is eloquently explained by the ghostwriter Giles Coren in James’s autobiography Against The Odds.  A journey so beset with issues and struggles and adversity it makes incredible reading!

Remember, the darkest hour is often just before the dawn.

Here are a few observations about persistence in the face of rejection:

  • Read any successful person’s life story and you will soon realise that every single one of them – whether entrepreneurs or entertainers – endured many years of relentless rejection and humiliation before they finally found success. Think of it as the apprenticeship you need to serve if you want to succeed in business.
  • Persistence is not just about relentlessly plugging away at something in the same way day after day, year after year. You need to trial every single way and approach that you can think of to find your breakthrough.
  • If you are struggling with a go-no-where business it could make sense to focus on something else. But if the business you are currently struggling with is truly ‘The One’, then you will know deep in your heart that it is right to keep fighting on.
  • Overnight success is extremely rare – success usually builds over time.
  • Once you reach a tipping point, that is, when the offers, opportunities and cash really start to pour in, this is the glorious point at which you achieve ‘momentum’ in business – and everything can start to flow very fast and furiously. Momentum is very difficult to achieve – and is worth a huge amount of money precisely for that reason.

3) Knowing everything I know now, here’s what I would advise you to do if you want to sell your business:

  • There are a few exceptions to this rule, but generally speaking your business is most likely to be bought if it is growing and profitable. So, whatever happens and right up to the point of doing the deal, growth and profitability should be your first focus.
  • If you are contemplating selling your business, make sure that every aspect of it is rock solid, including its systems, strategy, IP, contracts, accounting policy and people. No area will be overlooked in the due diligence process, and if you aren’t proved squeaky clean you can be sure it will be used against you.
  • Avoid any form of buyout clause. They are easily manipulated by your new parent company and could even act as a disincentive for your new parent to give you the support you thought you were doing the deal for in the first place.
  • Yes, the best time to sell a business is at the height of its value – but how do you know when that time has come? A better yardstick is to sell your business the moment you have lost your passion for it. Selling out will give you the freedom plus the capital you need to do your next business venture.
  • Get the best advice money can buy, including advisors to help you negotiate the deal. You’ll maximise the price that way, and sometimes creating distance from the negotiating table can be a powerful thing.
  • Don’t be too eager or show too much enthusiasm. In the same way that a man will come on to a woman much harder if she holds back a little in the dating process, sometimes ‘going quiet on a deal’ for a few days or even weeks can make the other party even more hungry to complete. Sometimes there is nothing more effective than ‘radio silence’.
  • The more options you have (including the option not to sell), the more powerful your hand.
  • Try not to value your business based on what you think it is worth. Value it on what it could be worth to the acquiring party – frequently this is a much larger sum than the one in your own mind. Don’t sell yourself short.
  • Remember, the deal is not done until the ink is on the paper. Until that moment, you cannot assume anything, whatever positive noises are being made or whatever assurances you may be given. To protect yourself in case the deal does go through, do not take your eye off the business ball, and always keep at least three options open.
  • In paper-for-paper deals you will always be at the mercy of forces you cannot control, and your lock-in period will often prevent you from disposing of the shares for two years. Therefore always take cash, no matter how tempting the share-for-share option might seem.

 

How do we turn critical thinking into a natural habit? Here is a simple and practical method for you to try out. We call it the fourfold path to good thinking. To follow the method, we make it a habit to ask these four basic questions about the ideas we come across:

Question Issues to think about
What does it mean? Are the keywords and the main concepts clear?

Can the ideas be made more precise?

How is it related to other things?

Any examples to illustrate what is meant?

How many supporting reasons and objections? List the reasons for and against the claim.

Count and evaluate these reasons.

Think about both sides of an issue.

Any counterexamples to the claim?

Why is this important or relevant? What are the major consequences?

How does it affect people? Is it useful?

Is it surprising?

Have I learned something new and interesting?

Which are the other possibilities to consider? What other information might be relevant?

Any similar cases to think about?

 

These questions look simple, but they are actually quite powerful because they introduce a good structure to organize our analysis. As an example, suppose we are discussing whether it is wrong to eat (nonhuman) animals. Here is how we might apply the fourfold path:
1.    The first question—what does it mean?—is about clarifying the key concepts so that we can understand more clearly the claim under discussion.
o    What do we mean by animals? Dogs and chickens are obviously animals. But what about fish, oysters, insects, bacteria? Is it also wrong to eat them? Where do we draw the line?
o    If eating animals is wrong, how wrong is it? As bad as killing people?
2.    To carry out the second step of the fourfold path, we list all the reasons for and against the claim under consideration.
o    Arguments against eating meat might include: animals have rights, animal farming create a lot of suffering, and it is more efficient to use land to grow vegetables than to raise animals.
o    Arguments on the opposite side might include: farm animals exist because of us and so we can do what want with them, and humans are more intelligent than animals.
o    It is always a good idea to be able to count the number of arguments. For example, three arguments in support and two against.
o    Think about both sides of an issue. Even if you think eating meat is fine, you should try your best to come up with opposing arguments. You will gain a deeper understanding of your own position and be able to defend it better.
o    Evaluate the arguments on both sides. What seems to be a good argument might turn out not to be the case on further reflection—for example, why can we eat animals just because we are smarter? Does it also mean adults can eat babies and intelligent aliens can eat human beings?
3.    The third step of the fourfold path is to consider whether the issue is important. Does it really matter what the correct answer is? What are the theoretical, social, personal, or political implications?
o    How would the world be different if more people give up meat?
o    How important is this question compared with other issues such as poverty and starvation?
4.    The last step is to explore alternative possibilities and further issues.
o    Does the level of intelligence of the animal make a difference?
o    How about eating animals raised in a happy environment and killed in a painless manner? Is this also wrong?
o    What about eating animals that die naturally? What if we can grow meat from stem cells and eat meat without killing animals?

As you can see, although the fourfold path consists of four very simple questions, they help us examine an issue in depth from different perspectives. To improve your thinking, use this method often in your daily life, when you read magazines, surf the web, watch TV, or chat with others. You will become a more sophisticated, systematic, and creative thinker.

There are positive attitudes that are more conducive to good thinking:
•    Independence of thought: Good thinking is hard. Some people just want to know the answers rather than work it out themselves. Others have no patience for abstract or complicated ideas. A good thinker is able to think independently and go against conventional wisdom if need be.
•    Open-mindedness: A good thinker looks at the evidence objectively, and is willing to suspend judgment or change her opinion depending on the evidence. This is not a sign of weakness. An open-minded thinker is not dogmatic. She is willing to admit mistakes, think about new possibilities, and will not reject new ideas without good reasons.
•    Cool-headedness and impartiality: Good thinking does not require giving up emotions. But we should avoid letting our feelings overwhelm our reasoning. For example, it is difficult to think straight if you get angry easily when other people disagree with you. Fair and objective evaluations help us make better decisions.
•    An analytical and reflective attitude: Do not jump to conclusions. A good thinker is one who spends time to analyze an issue systematically and carefully and to actively search for arguments and evidence on both sides. She is interested in learning more about her own strengths and weaknesses to improve her performance.

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